\[ \underbrace{\ce{CuSO4*5H2O (s)}}_{\text{Deep Blue}} \ce{->[\Delta]} \underbrace{ \ce{CuSO4 (s)}}_{\text{Ashy White}} \ce{+ 5 H2O (g)} \label{1}\], \[ \underbrace{\ce{CuSO4 (s)}}_{\text{Ashy White}} \ce{->[\ce{H2O (l)} ]} \underbrace{ \ce{CuSO4 (aq)}}_{\text{Deep Blue}} \label{2}\]. This mass was taken after the substance was heated. Eventually, a linear equation that showed the relationship between absorbance and. These errors made the absorbance values measured by the SpectroVis off from what it should have been. (8 points) Gently heat the hydrate by moving the burner back and forth around the dish. For $\Delta W_0$ I think it is safe to say that this is only the inaccuracy of the scale, so perhaps $0.01$ g. For $\Delta W_e$ I would go for the worst case scenario: that all of the 0.6% impurity in the original copper sulfate has evaporated, meaning that the weight will be off by 0.6% times $W_0$ i.e. Hydrates Lab Report introduction the purpose of this experiment was to explore and evaluate the bonding properties and characteristics of hydrates. Introduction - Hydrated Ionic Compounds, commonly called, "hydrates". Hypothesis (answer in a complete sentence in lab book). If the results of your calculations suggest that you have some water left in the residue, reheat your sample for an additional 5 minutes, allow it to cool down and weigh it again. Percent error **hint set up the table with percent composition for water** Percent error = actual % experimental % X 100 = ____ % actual %. Hence 0.267/0.0515 = 5.18mol water per mol copper sulphate. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, The purpose of this experiment was to explore and evaluate the bonding properti, the percentage of water is various hydrates, (3) Determine if dehydrati, versible change, and (4) Determine the mathematical relat. * Phenolphthalein Procedure A. Qualitative Determination of the Released Liquid after Heating CuSO 4.5H 2 O 1. If a CHEM ). Tina Jones Heent Interview Completed Shadow Health 1, Test Bank Varcarolis Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3e 2017, 1-2 Module One Activity Project topic exploration, (Ybaez, Alcy B.) Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? The accepted value is about #36.075%# , so I would say that your results are not ideal, but that they should fall within the accepted range. Then use that information to write the formula of the hydrate. Lab 1: Determining the Empirical Formula of a Compound, Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate, Lab 16: Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate, Lab 14a: Separation and Analysis of Cations, Lab 18: Separation by Liquid Chromatography, Lab 6a: Standardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide, Lab 33: Determination of Calcium Carbonate Content of and Anti-Acid Pill, Lab 28: Molecular Interaction in Ethanol and Acetone, Obtained crucible and lid (henceforth, the two are considered to be together unless mentioned otherwise), inspected them, and measured their mass: 36.1574g, Obtained equipment, set up ring stand, Bunsen Burner, clay triangle, and mesh pad. Some chemicals, when exposed to water in the atmosphere, will reversibly either adsorb it onto their surface or include it in their structure forming a complex in which water generally bonds with the cation in ionic substances. The difference between 5.00 and 5.16 is a weight error of about 200mg, and I was really careful, so this seems unlikely. Rounded to the nearest integer, the ratio is 1:5. Answer: Can copper-plating be reversed? Pending marking your answer as accepted, my grateful thanks in the meantime for your detailed analysis. Heating maybe required to provide the required activation energy. Hydrated copper sulphate is blue in color while anhydrous copper sulphate is white in color.CuSO4 is white, the pentahydrate crystal (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aquous solution (Cu2+ (aq) ions) are. If the correct formula of copper sulfate is CuSO4.5H20, determine your percent error. Determined mass of anhydrous salt by subtracting the mass of the crucible and lid, from the mass of the crucible, lid, and anhydrous salt: 1.1434g, Determined mass of the water lost by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous salt, from the hydrous salt: 1.018g. -Pre soaked popsicle, Graded Assignment How many moles of water (x) do you think are in this hydrate? (Unlikely, considering that the ratios between the two, both stoichiometric and percent water content, would be smaller in such an instance. Using crucible tongs, clean a porcelain crucible and its cover using concentrated nitric acid (6 M). when does coordination become the distinctive task of management why? In this section we will demonstrate the dehydration and re-hydration of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate. Weigh out approximately 3 grams of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate into a clean, dry large ignition tube (25 x 200 mm). The purpose was to see the electron excitation of each reaction and the color that it emitted. However, immediately after the first heating, It can be clearly seen that the heated copper sulfate has now transformed into a grainy and whitish-gray form. So assuming that 26 degrees is not warm enough to cause partial loss of water of crystallisation, that suggests that at best my hydrate is only 98.36% pure, not 99.5 as it says on the bottle (typo corrected above). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. When you have finished, submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit. Which observations, experiences, or lesson materials helped you form your hypothesis? If youve read this far, Im already grateful, but Id be even more so, if anyone could suggest where the difference between 5 and 5.18 is coming from. You'll be surprised at how much older kids like to color!This Science color-by-numbers activity includes 18 questions covering writing a formula from the name of an acid, hydroxide or hydrate or naming the compound from a chemical formula. Sulphate. * Matches This will result in the precipitation of . Some compounds may possess some of the properties of hydrates without being true hydrates. When this color change appears to be complete, add 3 to 5 mL of water and observe the color of the dissolved substance. Piece of paper, NaCl (sodium chloride), water, 6 M HCL (hydrochloric acid), 0.1 M AgNO3 (silver nitrate), Mg ribbon, 6 M HCL (hydrochloric acid), CuSO4 5 H2O, 0.50g iron fillings, 0.50g of powdered sulfur, magnet, copper sulfate solution, zinc metal * Pipet The residue obtained after heating, called the anhydrous compound, will have a different structure and texture and may have a different color than the hydrate. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? It is soluble. There is an example problem included. Part B: Hygroscopic and Efflorescent Solids Because the pipette was not exact, the amount of Copper Sulfate and distilled water that was put in the test tubes was not exact. The techniques used in this lab are quantitative transfer and vacuum filtration with the reaction of 8.001 grams of copper (II) sulfate, CuSO4, and 2.0153 grams of iron powder, Fe. The anhydrous salt could have been exposed to air prior to measurement, and reabsorbed some moisture, thus disrupting measurements. Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? Also, suggest some reasons why your number might be off from the true number. Introduction to Formulas (FREE) Students should know how to name ionic compounds (39-Naming Ionic Compounds) and how to convert from grams to moles (60-Mole Convers, Students learn about hydrates - the ionic compounds with water physically associated with them! The weight after cooling of the evap dish is constant. This is probably a small effect. Bunsen Burner or Hot PlateComplete Lesson: PPT, Warm-up, Exit Ticket, Lab PaperStudents: drive off water of hydration calculate percent water use percent water and given elemental percentages to find formulaLab Contains: Student Lab Sheet Student Lab Make-up Sheet for Absent Students Student Lab Sheet with Answers in Italics Lab Quiz - Use as exit ticket, next day warm-up or quiz Lab Qui, This is a great lab to introduce or reinforce percent composition and empirical formulas. Period 3 It should be brief (aim for ten words or less) and describe the main point of the experiment or investigation. For each of the chemical compounds below, place a. Given that water has a much lower boiling point than copper sulfate, I hypothesize thatwe can heat it to remove the water, and then calculate the mass that was lost, based on measurements made before and after the water was evaporated. This is a student-centered, active learning lesson without lecture or notetaking! Follow the directions below to complete the lab. Set the crucible with its cover slightly open on a clay triangle and heat strongly for at least 10 minutes. A hot crucible looks like a cold one, avoid direct contact with the crucible, clay triangle and ring stand until you are sure they are cooled. To determine the mass of the water, subtract the anhydrate from the hydrate and put it in the proper space above. Pour the used nitric acid in the waste container provided. ; (NH4)2S. What does that x value tell you? Little or no prior knowledge of finding empirical formula necessary. Is there any known 80-bit collision attack? Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. 6. We can also (via stochiometric and molar ratios), calculate the ratio of salt to water. 5 H2O. Explain. Students dehydrate copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a crucible or evaporation dish and use their data to determine the % composition and the number of water molecules per formula unit of copper (II) sulfate. However, I understand that sharing information required for a lab report or unknown submission (including but not limited to word processing or spreadsheet files, calculations, graphs, conclusions and additional problems at the end of the lab report) with other students is, evaporating dish, Bunsen burner, wood splint, test tubes, micro spatula, dropper, mortar and pestle, test tube holder, safety goggles, lab apron. Compounds to be tested: Nickel (II) chloride, Cobalt (II) chloride, Sucrose, Calcium Carbonate, Barium chloride, Sodium tetraborate, Potassium chloride. In an evaporating dish, gently heat a small amount (0.3 0.5 g) of \(\ce{CoCl2*6H2O}\) crystals until its color changes to violet then to blue. Use crucible tongs when cleaning the crucible with concentrated nitric acid. February 29, 2016 Chemistry Honors * Watch glass Let's face it, percent composition and empirical formulas are not the most exciting concepts to teach in chemistry. You might also like these related lessons! The mass was reduced to 7.58 g. What is the formula of the hydrate? They are very math intensive, and very conceptual in nature. Abstract Once students have answered, they use the colo, Fully editable slide presentationHave you ever wondered why you get a lot of headaches, your muscle doesn't function as well and your immune system is low. Hydrates generally contain water in stoichiometric amounts; hydrates formulae are represented using the formula of the anhydrous (non-water) component of the complex followed by a dot then the water (\(\ce{H2O}\)) preceded by a number corresponding to the ratio of \(\ce{H2O}\) moles per mole of the anhydrous component present. Chemicals: Copper (II) sulfate hydrateStudents will experimentally determine the percent composition of water in the copper (II) sulfate hydrate. What is "water of hydration" and how does it affect me (you)? Find out the importance of drinking plenty of water and the adverse health effects of not getting enough water. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. As a result the actual If the compound possesses all three of the above-mentioned properties, it is a true hydrate; if at least one of them is not present, the compound is not. Mass of crucible, cover and solid hydrate: Mass of crucible, cover and anhydrous solid: Formula of anhydrous solid (from Instructor): Moles of \(\ce{H2O}\) present in the hydrate: Ratio of moles \(\ce{H2O}\):Anhydrous solid = \(x\): Formula of hydrate [\(\text{Anhydrous solid}\ce{*}x\ce{H2O}\)]: Did the compound(s) that appeared wet in section B lose or gain water? It contains a brief introduction to hydrates and then describes the series of calculations that are done to determine the ratio of the moles of water to anhydrate salt. This is a great lab to introduce or reinforce percent composition and empirical formulas. Anhydrate: The compound after the water molecule has been removed. My percent error is _____. You can check for this by looking for the telltale brown/black color of copper oxide. Use this picture to get the mass of the anhydrate (white powder). X is a specific whole number value. What will be the effect, on the mass of the residue, of overheating the hydrate so that the compound decomposes. On an analytical balance, weigh a pea-sized sample of each of the compounds below on separate clean and dry watch glasses. Materials: Crucible and lid (or use aluminum foil if you don't trust children to drop the lids), electronic balances, bunsen burners, tongs, strikers, clay triangles, ring stand and ring. C.7.A: The student is expected to name ionic compounds containing main gr, Lab: Determining the Composition of a HydrateFor students in Grades 8-12.INTRODUCTION:Hydrates are ionic compounds that have a number of water molecules attached as part of their structure. Do you have pictures of Gracie Thompson from the movie Gracie's choice. * Hot plate No trace of black, and indeed we dissolved the anhydrous salt in water (for growing some seed crystals later), and there was no insoluble residue. . After heating, the mass of the anhydrous compound is found to be 3.22 g. Determine the formula of the hydrate and then write out the name of the hydrate. Use the information collected in lab found below to fill in the blanks for the gram amounts above: Use this picture to get the mass of the empty crucible and fill it in above. 8.22/(63.5+32+64) = 0.0515mol anhydrous copper sulphate. Follow the directions below to complete the lab. Our first constant mass was 28.3208gand the average mass turned out to be 28.3222g. Weigh the samples and record the masses as final masses. O. For a compound to be a true hydrate, it has to show all properties of true hydrates, including evolution of water upon heating, solubility of its anhydrous residue in water and reversibility in the color of the residue back to the color of the hydrate when dissolved in water. Updated sections include a new hydrate toolbox, updated correlations and computer methods. In this section you will observe the changes in the physical properties of compounds, including wetness, color, structure, texture and mass. There are a couple sources of error during the experiment, one would be the fact that we aren't entirely sure that the water had completely evaporated from the Copper (II) Sulfate and the Magnesium Sulfate. For example, if a given amount of hydrated copper(II) sulfate gave off 0.060 mole of H 2 O and left behind 0.012 mole of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate, CuSO 4, then the ratio of H 2 O to CuSO 4 is 5:1, and the formula would be written as CuSO 4 5H 2 O. Record the mass and place the solute into a 50 mL volumetric flask. When this anhydrous compound is dissolved in water it will go back to the original red burgundy color. so with this last source of error you edited in (the 0.02 g) my estimate of $\Delta W_e=0.1$g actually seems quite realistic. Chemical Reaction Lab Report Some hygroscopic substances, such as \(\ce{P2O5}\) and anhydrous \(\ce{CaCl2}\), are widely used to dry liquids and gases (see experiment on the Molecular Weight of \(\ce{CO2}\)); they are referred to as desiccants. - CLICK HERE **--------------------------------------------If you like what you see, check out the rest of my store and be sure, This hydrate lab activity is perfect for chemistry teachers without a lab room! What's even better is that you get credit from TpT every time you leave a constructive comment. Le Chateliers principle predicts that an addition of heat to an endothermic reaction (heat is a reactant) will shift the reaction to the right (product side). When you would go to mass the anhydrous salt, some of the mass would be missing as it would be in the air. Chemistry Naming & Formulas: Polyatomic Ions & Hydrates Guided Inquiry Lesson, Composition of a Hydrate Chemical Formula Lab, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas: Acids & Hydrates |Distance Learning, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas-LESSONS BUNDLE, Drink more water- hydrating, refreshing, natural. The lab has an introduction to help students understand why they are doing the lab. Coloring pages - Water facts, how it helps the brain, how it helps the body, ideas on drinking more water. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Error results and analysi, The first procedure (Part 1) used heat to dehydrate the 4 hydrates and sucrose. Then use that information to write the formula of the hydrate. Copper sulfate and potassium iodide precipitate, EXAMPLE HYDRATECUPRIC SULFATE PENTAHYDRATE The coefficient of 5, Copper SourcesUses n Copper cookware n Copper pipes, Characterization of the Heparan Sulfate and Chondroitin Sulfate, Percent of Change Percent of Increase Percent of, Percent Composition What is Percent Composition The percent, Percent Proportion Equation Percent of Change Percent of, Empirical molecular percent composition Percent Composition Percent by, Percent Vpoet potu percent Vypotaj spamti koko percent. Students will perform an experiment to find the hydrate formula. Includes teacher instructions, sample calculations, and a key to the conclusion questions. Easel assessment included with this lesson plan.CDC HEALTH STANDARD SEVEN: Students will demonstrate the ability to practice health enhancing behaviors and to avoid or re, 9 worksheets to practice naming and writing formulas for ionic and covalent compounds, including acids and hydrates. Added deionized water to the anhydrous copper sulfate, at which point it became hydrated again, and returned to its original blue coloration. Rounding out with new case study examples, this new edition gives engineers an im, This PowerPoint is intended to introduce high school students formulas of hydrates. 7. I weighed out some of the hydrate into another dry dish, flattened it out as much as possible within the confines of the dish to expose as much surface area as possible, and left it in the airing cupboard for 24h at 26 degrees Celsius. Save the residue and perform your calculations. 10/4/17 Be sure to subtract out the crucible before putting it into the proper space above. Concentrations are based on how much solute is in a solvent, and is reported by the units of molarity. Lab written for Hotplate or Bunsen burner.Students: Observe water leaving compound as steam Heat to constant mass Calculate percent water Re-hydrate the anhydrous compoundLab Contains: Student Lab Sh, This lab is a great way for your students to investigate what a hydrate is and how its formula is determined. Concepts covered include:Definition of a hydrateHow the chemical formulas of hydrates are written Nomenclature of hydratesHow to determine the formula of a hydrate with examleUses of hydrates, Students find the percent water, calculate percent error and using simple steps of 1-4 find empirical formula for copper(II) sulfate crystals. Heat the blue copper(II) sulfate until it has turned . This error is almost completely determined by the error in $W_e$. Answer: First, it is so easy to set upnot much prep at all. Another possibility would be to get more accurate equipment, to replicate the experiment within a dehumidified environment, and/or perform the experiment using a larger crucible (to reduce the possibility that spatter from the hydrated salt could leave the crucible). I can also customize anything you', Looking for an engaging way for your students to review nomenclature for acids, bases and hydrates? The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. clip art, assessment, writing prompt, art activity, answer key, printables, no prep needed. Materials: The composition of the complex formed when hydrated copper (II) sulfate is reacted with oxine is Cu (C 9 H 6 ON) 2 with 351.85g/mole formula weight. Heat the content of the crucible with its cover slightly open to allow the water of hydration to escape, first gently (about 10 minutes), then strongly (about 5 minutes). Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate: The goal of this experiment is to learn how to properly calculate the ratio of salt to water, in a hydrated salt, and to calculate the percentage of water (by mass) within a hydrated salt. Solutions: Nitric Acid (6M) Placed crucible on mesh pad using tongs (from this point, the crucible was handled solely with tongs until the experiment concluded), and allowed to cool to room temperature. They are typically named by stating the name of the anhydrous component followed by the Greek prefix specifying the number of moles of water present then the word hydrate (example: \(\ce{MgSO4*7H2O}\): magnesium sulfate heptahydrate).
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