END-OF-NOVEL TEST - 40 Questions - 20 matching (characters and meaningful quotations) and 20 multiple choice (standards-aligned). Isabels trumpet represents her connection to her Cuban heritage. Tomorrow. And no, what you're about to hear is not comprehensive, but it will be useful. The police are called away, but one of them threatens Isabels father before he leaves. Is it to avenge others? I also think they are wrong to riot because usually what they do is their own doing so don't do it. See a complete list of the characters in Refugee and in-depth analyses of Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara. I think people fight because they want to get what they want and that they may not like what the government is doing or they just don't like something. What is a conflict in the book Refugee by Alan Gratz? "What are the falling actions in Refugee?" Sadly, Josef does not survive his family's ordeal. TURNING POINT / CLIMAX 1994 She listened now, intently, trying to hear the heartbeat of Cuba in her own music. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. The falling action takes place when the Fernandez and Castillo families are finally able to reach Miami and stay with a family member until they are able to get on their feet. She plays the trumpet on the streets of Cuba and especially loves salsa music and other Cuban styles. He also doesn't like Joseph's family because his dad disobeyed the German laws. The United Arab Emirates announced Saturday it had started evacuating its own citizens along with nationals of 16 other countries. Over 50,000 Sudanese refugees mostly women and children have crossed over to Chad, Egypt, South Sudan and the Central African Republic, the United Nations said, raising fears of regional instability. But in other areas, terrified residents reported explosions thundering around them and fighters ransacking houses. What reaction does a crew member have when Hitler's image is removed? The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. Do you believe what Josef did to his father in chapter 22 is right or wrong? Over 50,000 Sudanese refugees mostly women and children have crossed over to Chad, Egypt, South Sudan and the Central African Republic, the United Nations said, raising fears of regional . Their mom deals with it by taking care of her children doing what she can do and hope they don't get captured like her husband did. After many trials and tribulations, in a car, on foot, aboard a flimsy dinghy, and in a Hungarian refugee camp, Mahmoud and his family eventually reach Germany and are granted asylum. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Josef looked deep into Officer Padrons eyes, searching for some sign of help, some hint of sympathy. We are not hearing the bombs as we did before, so were hoping that this means they will go back to a political process, said Osman Mirgany, a columnist and editor of the daily al-Tayar, who assessed it was safe enough on Friday to return home to Khartoum after seeking refuge in a far-flung village. Isabel also wants her and her family to be happy together. thurmliz000. No police cars or emergency crews hurried to the scene. Latest answer posted October 25, 2018 at 6:38:19 PM. Need analysis for a quote we don't cover? That could get worse in the coming days.. What kind of conflict would this be? But the good people couldnt help you, either. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the mans fingers and hanging onto the dinghy. She wont take up any room!. The UN refugee agency warned that bloodshed in Sudan could cause 800,000 people to leave for neighboring countries. What might be dangerous about Josef's actions toward his father? Copyright 2021 NPR. And most of its residents cannot leave. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. Lito was wrong. 52 terms. on 50-99 accounts. GARCIA-NAVARRO: Protests had been going on for weeks there over a plan to evict Palestinians from their homes in a Jerusalem neighborhood called Sheikh Jarrah. In chapter 12, Mahmoud and his family are attempting to escape when they are stopped by soldiers and fired upon. We ask the two generals to create the conditions for us to go to Khartoum.. Gratz shows how Josefs experience is not an isolated incident: all over Germany, Jews are facing the same kind of erasure of their culture and identity. Waleed deals with it by not being his normal self and acting like a zombie. Israel captured the east of the city in 1967 and annexed it. We sent them back to Europe and Hitler and the Holocaust. What is a conflict in the book Refugee by Alan Gratz? Accusations of rape, torture and other abuses against demonstrators carried out by the unit first surfaced in 2021, after Burhan and Dagalo joined forces in a military coup that ousted a civilian government. Even before the . Log in here. Isabel's father could be arrested. Her poverty has gotten to the point where she has to play the trumpet for scraps of Pesos. Why do you think the mother of the two girls Josef and Ruthie met stayed behind? Isabel's journey had her have to act mature a lot of the time. However, at the end of the novel, Hanas fate is left undetermined, demonstrating the high cost of war and the burden of the decision that Mahmoud had to make. What might this foreshadow? This timeline traces the major events and policies that affected refugee admissions under the INS and its predecessor agencies, from 1891 to 2003. Josef's father is caught by the Nazis and put in a concentration camp. Tomorrow, hed told Mahmouds father. She also likes to play her trumpet to make money. What does this phrase imply? Injustice is happening all over the world. Associated Press writer Evelyne Musambi from Nairobi, Kenya, contributed to this report. (Alan Gratz) > Homework Help > What is Josefs Main conflict in . Fleeing Conflict: Refugee & The Unwanted Lesson 13 ELA Unit 5 6th Grade Lesson 13 of 26 Objective Explain how Gratz makes connections between the stories of the three young refugees. Responsibility, cheerfulness, and being a man are all important. What motivated him to leave with Isabel and the families? Once they reached the border, the situation worsened, as they waited to cross for three days in the desert. The trick was to be invisible. The paramilitary group even transformed Mirganys newsroom into a makeshift base, he said. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #1: You are stealing my house. "You choose." Now, Gaza is completely isolated. It reveals that this story has really effected Mahmoud's brother. Instant PDF downloads. And what does he do to solve it. Khartoum, a city of some 5 million people, has been transformed into a front line in the grinding conflict between Gen. Abdel Fattah Burhan, the commander of Sudans military, and Gen. Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo, who leads the powerful paramilitary group known as the Rapid Support Forces. The approach requires urgent joint and solidarity action as well as public and strategic actions in alliance with international organizations, partner countries and civil sectors that offer solutions to the causes that generate these flows," said Carlos Alvarado, President of Costa Rica. Describe the scene as Isabel and Ivan's family brought their "boat" to the beach. Residents also must cope without sufficient electricity and running water, among other basic supplies. The military has appeared to have the upper hand in the fighting, with its monopoly on air power, but it has been impossible to confirm its claims of advances. At this point, do you think the risk that Isabel and the others took is worth it? If they leave they would have a better life and better jobs but if they stay they will live miserably. He felt the stirrings of indignation, of anger, of sympathy. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. The Hitler youth told Josef not to take his armband off again. Imagine yourself in this scene from Refugee. The other reasons people want to fight are, relationships, unfaireness, attitude. At the end of the chapter, Josef is blamed because he told his dad to straighten up and Josef told him that if he stays still on the bed they wouldn't come for him but they did. DeBre reported from Jerusalem. Isabel Fernandez is escaping Castro's Cuba in . Open their own law office. For as much as hed wanted to grow up, Josef wished now that he could join them. They didn't have a choice because they were afraid the soldiers would kill them if they didn't catch them. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Isabels grandfather, Lito (Officer Padron), saves Josefs father when he jumps overboard. Find the quotes you need to support your essay, or refresh your memory of Refugee. Feel? I was really happy to hear about Isabel's life in Miami and how all of her family members and the Castillo's were doing. Dont have an account? What happened to Mahmouds sister in refugee? Good and bad things happened either way. Contact us We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. The outbreak of violence has dashed once-euphoric hopes for a democratic transition in Sudan after a popular uprising helped oust former dictator Omar al-Bashir. Complete your free account to request a guide. She plays the trumpet on the streets of Cuba and especially loves salsa music and other Cuban styles. Isabel joins her father and grandfather, who are going into Havana. Family, Displacement, and Culture All three of Refugees protagonists are forced to flee the only culture they have ever known, but Josef and Isabel in particular fear the erasure of their personal cultural identity, or a future inability to connect to the place they once called home. I was surprised because I kept thinking people would catch them. The other example is that Josef realizes that he doesn't need to rely on his father anymore. What is the main conflict in Isabels story? Israel captured the east of the city in 1967 and annexed it. The Nazis against the Jews, Man vs. Society. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. His breath came quick and deep, and his hands clenched into fists. The vacationers dropped their voices, and even though Mahmoud couldnt understand what they were saying, he could hear the disgust in their words. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. But I am in a safe place, I'm not in the areas where there is a lot of conflict, thankfully." Kaila and her family fled to the US as refugees from the Second Sudanese Civil War in the early 2000s. One mission in common: ESCAPE. Not that hes counting. The Brownshirt suddenly turned serious. A unit of Sudans armed forces, known as the Central Reserve Police, have been sanctioned by the United Staets for grave human rights violations against Sudans pro-democracy protesters. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. The second story is about Isabel, a Cuban girl who has to escape the country in a hurry with her family. Because it seems everyone on the board Jewish and since there are no nazis on the ship they think it's wrong to treat them the way the nazis did. As Isabel feeds a starving cat, she reflects on how nearly all the people in Cuba are starving, too. Instant downloads of all 1725 LitChart PDFs As a musician, Isabel realized her own growth into adulthood through music. If they wait too long the right to leave may be gone and then they would wish that they took the time to leave when they had it. Sometimes it can end up there. What are the key symbols, motifs, and themes in Refugee? Something subhuman. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. It has changed him by getting out of the room for 11 days. GARCIA-NAVARRO: Saying that they were chasing violent protesters, injuring hundreds and generating images that shocked Muslims around the world. Do you think Josef is at fault in any way? I dont have time for games, he would tell me. What is the main conflict in Josef's story? What is Joaqun Salvador Lavados pen name VHL? Hard. Alan Gratz's critically acclaimed 2017 historical novel Refugee follows the stories of three child refugees from real international crises: Josef, escaping 1930s Nazi Germany; Isabel, fleeing Cuba in 1994 on a leaky boat; and Mahmoud, bombed out of his home in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015.A New York Times Bestseller, Refugee has won numerous awards and honors, including the American Library . How many of them died because we turned them away? Isabel is one such child, fleeing Cuba in a ramshackle boat held together with string and chewing gum. What does the song symbolize to the crew? I don't like his father because he went to a funeral for someone he doesn't know but he refused to go to Josef's bar mitzvah. Covers the whole novel. That upheaval is directly attributable to the dictators running their countries. Recent flashcard sets. They are all escaping the places they grew up in. Last week, Israeli police raided the compound. 48 terms. Alan Gratz, Refugee. Josef is a Jewish boy who lives when the Nazis ruled over Germany in the 1930s; Isabel, a Cuban girl who lives in 1994 with a communist society and a dictator who won't let them leave; and Mahmoud who is a Syrian boy in 2015 who got his town destroyed by bombs and has his life at risk at every second. His conflict is different from Joseph's because he faces a lot of stress from Dachau but they both have similar conflicts because they are facing the same things. GARCIA-NAVARRO: Both Israel and the Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their capital. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. People are eating zoo animals and pets. Aaron Landau's main conflict is character vs self because he was getting hurt by the Nazis and running away from them and he can't control himself. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. The RSF was born out of the Janjaweed militias, which were accused of widespread atrocities when the government deployed them to put down a rebellion in Sudans western Darfur region in the early 2000s. An irregular rhythm that lay over the top of the regular beat, like a heartbeat beneath the skin. We didnt ask for civil war! His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. How does each of the characters experience the feeling of fear inRefugeeby Alan Gratz? The smuggler had just told them their boat wasnt leaving tonight. Each perspective is a few pages, then changes to the next perspective where the story last left . Refugee is about survival and courage from the point of view of the refugee for sure, but it is also about the courage of those not directly affected, the courage to step up and make a change. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. In order to help students keep track of each setting, they can create a storyboard that describes the where and when of each setting.. Refugee by Alan Gratz weaves three stories into one book. (Lita is short for abuelita, meaning grandmother.) What motivates Isabel to jump into the ocean to save Senor Castillo? What do you think happened to Josef's father to make him behave the way he did in chapter 7? Why did they take directions from them? State the qualities he or she tries to promote when speaking. What does it reveal to the reader? Mahmouds mother broke down in tears, and his father let the life jackets he carried drop to the ground. Why is it so important to Isabel? Isabel Fernandez is an eleven-year-old girl who lives just outside Havana in 1994. He had responsibilities. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. For each underlined word In the following sentences,write the plural above the word. When the family decides to leave, but realize they have no gasoline for the boat, she trades her trumpet for the gasoline, despite how precious it is to her. How has it changed him? Deutsche Welle | Published 02.05.23, 12:15 PM. Isabel knows that her trumpet is not a precious as her fathers life, and their freedom. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. It is important to Lito because its part of their culture and hedoesn't want to lose his family so he wants Isabel to practice clave so that he doesn't lose her. How the sea almost eats Isabel and Senor Castillo. Former Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok, who was ousted in the 2021 coup, appealed to the international community from a conference in Nairobi, Kenya, to push for an immediate halt to the conflict. Im just doing my job.. Thank you! Isabel cried. Josefs family ultimately decides to flee by sailing on the infamous MS St. Louis, bound for Cuba. Josef sees workers singing Nazi songs and the guy who adored Hitler that was upset when the painting of hime was taking down told them they couldn't be down there and called them Jewish rats. It is also effective to the story by Isabel saving Senor Castillo but not being able to save her grandmother. Isabels story is similar to what many Cubans experienced under dictator Fidel Castro. They have suffered many. Syrian Mahmouds home is destroyed by a missile, and he sees a dead man floating in the sea, as well as a soldier with a bullet in his head. Cheerful, happy, suspicious, what creates the mood is that they don't have to worry about being caught or killed. The battles sent thick columns of black smoke billowing over the city skyline. They may be thinking that we don't know these people from these other countries, they really smell from all the walking they have done and we don't know how many of these people will fit in this camp. The conflict at the heart of each refugee's story is between the simple right to life and the oppressive forces of authoritarianism which demand irrational conditions in exchange for that right. UNIDENTIFIED REPORTER #3: The wail of an air raid siren persuaded Jewish worshippers at the Western Wall to flee and run for cover. Hear? What figurative language does Isabel use to describe her life? Their character? Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. "You can live as a ghost, waiting for death to come, or you can dance.".