environmental impacts of stratford regeneration environmental impacts of stratford regeneration

Newham also had issues with lack of accommodation as over 2000 households were living in temporary accommodation (MHCLG, 2011). Some of the most noticeable negative impacts of regeneration include: As a place is upgraded via regeneration, it is typical for products and services offered within the area to get more expensive. This Act focused on implementing improvements to inner city slums on general housing conditions, in order to create space for new housing many of the workers were persuaded to move out to the suburbs which were greener and cleaner this coincided with the decline of the industrial revolution and again agriculture levels increased. On 6 July 2005, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that London would host the 2012 Olympics. Yeah Im from a different area but is that really a good enough Stratford was in need of regeneration and it could be argued that the Olympics were a catalyst for the regeneration to occur. Study for free with our range of university lectures! 5, lead writer for a newspaper on the Housing was a key issue in the regeneration of the six boroughs for the London 2012 Olympic games. In recognition of its achievements, London 2012 won gold in the Environmental and Sustainability category of the 6th International Sports Event Management awards. Looking for a flexible role? The central hub of the 2012 project will be the Olympic Park, parallel to the Lea River, which will contain several Olympic venues located within walking distance of each other. Considerable investment is being put into the area with one single firm staking 55m. Regenerating Stratford. This allowed the redevelopment and expansion of the commercial sector along the waterfront. There are different types of conflict that can occur in communities. Have all your study materials in one place. Learning Outcomes Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The introduction of affordable housing for locals, Incentives for the locals and newcomers to integrate, Conflict resolution resources such as 'townhalls'. Po 1. invested into sports in London, fans will in creative activities new Stratford rail Games. Write down information as we look Also there are a number of unique visitor attractions;- Tate Liverpool, the Beatles Story, Merseyside Maritime Museum, the International Slavery Museum, Liverpool Ghost Tours, and The Yellow Duckmarine. Arguments have been made that processes such as gentrification have caused this increase in house prices as the physical landscape of the area (Smith, 1987) has changed as well as many of the residents causing a demographic change which has resulted in previous residents leaving as an effect of gentrification. Both the LAP and SRF included promises to improve opportunities economically as well as interventions and benefits which needed to be undertaken to increase the unemployment rate. Mini-starter: What do you think urban regeneration means? There are five tasks that can be carried out in Stratford. This essay will focus on the regeneration within London Stratford for the 2012 Olympic games. You must be a member holding a valid Society membershipto view the content you are trying to access. 5 In 1969 the Home Office established a series of Community Development Projects (CDPs) including the Vauxhall CDP in addition to supporting a number of local projects, community education programmes, community centres etc. 1 like 1,609 views. An interpersonal conflict is a conflict that happens between two individuals. Test revision handout As the worlds first industrial economy virtually collapsed within a ten year period between 1970 and 1980, 55% of jobs were lost in cities during the recession. Dont forget to give each survey a title at Barcelona is a true example of Cultural Regeneration, where a Cultural City, was a successful host of the Olympic Games in 1992. The physical and environmental improvements, delivered within a cultural context are the visible signs of progression that ultimately promote the success and image of the city. Add up the overall scores for each of the You wanna take my life and get nothing out of it Themaps north and south show the Stratford area in the 1950s. A parallel regeneration project is the Stratford City development, a one and a half million meters squared area of proposed retail, commerce, leisure and residential development. This means that the company has to sell more groceries to afford the rent and still make enough of a profit to stay in operation. Liverpool has been nominated as ECOC in 2008 and has chosen to build up to this event by hosting themed years. The history of Stratford's regeneration starts half a century before the 2012 Olympics, in the 1960s, when homes were built to replace the pre-fab housing that stood on stretches of land that had been left as literal bombsites since the 40s. (2014) De-risking East London: Olympic regeneration planning 20002012,European planning studies,22(9), pp.1919-1939. As a group, Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield (URW) has invested over 1.75 billion in Westfield Stratford City with further investment of 670 million on 1,200 new homes in the surrounding area. Lets say that there is a small business on a high street that sells groceries. The mothers could not afford the high costs which are now associated with Stratford and could only afford social housing as a result of a new demographic moving into Stratford and more market owned housing leading to an increase in house prices (Watt, 2018). Universities bring employment and student spending which regenerates pubs, shops and buy to let properties. Green areas were placed along the banks of the river. As at the other sites visited, students carry out an environmental quality survey of Stratford. This means that any provisions for leisure or culture are likely to be small and implemented after any physical regeneration has taken place, as normally the primary focus was to develop housing and commercial space, the main and sure-fire reasons for bringing money in to an area. The adjacent Trafford Park Industrial Estate, was littered with derelict warehouses that had little access to the road network and no public transport provisions. This reflected the idea that both physical and environmental improvements had to be made in order to fully exploit the potential of Salford Quays. Many industrial facilities were strategically located close to rivers, canals and estuaries, most notably Manchester and Liverpool being situated just 35 miles apart and joined by the Manchester Ship Canal, the North West became a fundamental destination for cotton and textiles and manufacturing as well as Liverpool becoming a central dock for trade due its global connections. Provide detailed positive and negative sheets A Level regeneration case studies. The Essay Writing ExpertsUK Essay Experts. They are asked to think carefully about the photos they take, taking three photos to sum up the area socially, economically and environmentally. However, financial services and the retail industry have increasingly relocated business to city centres once again, creating flagship stores that drew service sector workers back into the city centre in turn creating the need for additional services in the city. In 1999 the RIBA presented its Royal Gold Medal to Barcelona, the first time a city has received the award. The paper will then draw together conclusions using arguments both in favour of and also against urban regeneration. Internationa Impacts of Development in India, Environmental Impacts of Development in India, Volcanoes in Different Parts of the World, Earthquakes in Different Parts of the World, Geology and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion, Climate and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion, Low achievement at school in terms of GCSE points score, Higher than average unemployment than the rest of London, Higher deprivation and poverty for the people that lived there, Lower household incomes then the London average. M.Sc. For instance, in the case of this hypothetical groceries example, a supermarket may have been constructed on the high street. Hosting the start and finish of the 2005-06 & 2007-08 Round the World Clipper Race. The United Kingdom has a long history that has become synonymous with the manufacturing industry, dating back to the British Empire when the UK imported and exported many products from countries around the world. These two activities encourage students to observe the Olympic Park, thinking about how the development is progressing and visualising how the area will look for the 2012 Olympics. Fig. The regeneration story in Stratford is ongoing, and the area will change dramatically over the next four years. Liverpool was amongst the first to benefit from 50 schemes supported by the programme including nursery, class, sports and community facilities. Check out Adapt the A-level & GCSE revision timetable app. The extent to which these are recycled and reused to reduce the amount of waste and energy varies with each development. These cookies do not store any personal information. plotted it, to ensnare the Here are a few possible impacts of such disputes: Escalation of the issue (to more extreme disputes, potentially inciting violence), Lack of community cohesion (stronger divides between people; the creation of an us vs them narrative), Psychological impacts on individuals directly (participating) and indirectly (affected) involved. Vandalism and violence can be examples of interpersonal conflicts. the London Borough of Newham. Community conflicts can have several effects on society and places. pictures. For the purposes of this study, UK examples will be used to directly answer the question posed, which will then be put in to context through briefly analysing the city of Bilbao and Barcelona in, Spain. The Lowry Centre opened in April 2000 and has since been credited, along with its associated projects, with the creation of 6,500 jobs in the local economy. (www.statistics.gov.uk). Kennelly, J. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Regeneration Outside of Stratford Studentification is the gradual change (social and environmental) of an area of a the city by the arrival of increasing numbers of students and the conversion of older, often 19th century, houses into student flats by subdividing large properties. Focus E15 Campaign (2015) Triathlon Olympic homes put up the rent by 23%. Following concerns that the site may be developed purely for housing and offices, a development strategy review was prepared and published in 1988 and set the context for future proposals with an emphasis on a mixture of uses and their relationship to the water, providing opportunities for leisure and culture based activities [Salford City Council, 1988]. Starter: Based on this quote, Watt, P. (2016) A nomadic war machine in the metropolis: En/countering London's 21st-century housing crisis with Focus E15, City,20(2), pp.297-320. During the earliest phase of the Industrial Revolution the Bridgewater Canal was built in 1761, this halved the price of coal in Manchester due to decreased transport costs and ease of access. This will be an This is partly due to Gentrification of the East Village as city workers move in. Urban regeneration is the attempt to reverse that decline by both improving the physical structure, and, more importantly and elusively, the economy of those areas. The start of the programme to transform the waterfront commenced in 1986 the project saw the conversion of the existing warehouses into a complex of retail, restaurants, cafe, and a series of office units and business headquarters. Are You Mad? The appearance and environment of towns and cities are clear representations of their history as well as indicators of their present ability to provide a quality of life to residents and business owners or workers. Much wildlife had to be relocated; 4,000 smooth newts, 100 toads and 300 common lizards as well as fish including pikes and eels were moved by the Olympic Delivery Authority. During 1909, a Town Planning Act was formed, this act was to, forbid the building of any more back-to-back houses, this highlighted the need for builders and designs to meet certain standards. Stratford ultimately went from being a deprived community to a more affluent place to live. East End - to clean the soil, put In addition to Clays Lane residents being moved out of their homes, single mums living in a TA hostel in Stratford (Watt, 2016) were given the notice to leave the hostel as a result of welfare cuts. As the national evaluation of City Challenge stated: "Crime and its effects were a significant barrier to regeneration because of their impact on the willingness of residents and businesses to stay and get involved in the problems of the area and their adverse impact on the views of potential investors" (DETR, 1999). Benefits of the Stratford regeneration. people living there 3/4 of the promised 11 000 jobs for 2012 park still dont exist. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp.546-569, Burrows, T. (2017) 'Legacy, what legacy? Completing these surveys at each site enables them to make a comparison of the different locations and to consider the potential benefits of regeneration to this area. Furthermore, many local businesses were pushed out of the area with some losing their businesses (Hackney Gazette, 2018) to make way for the development of the Olympics, which would have negatively impacted them as well as not addressing their needs. Regeneration can have distinct features; Turock (2005) highlights that . Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. The existing infrastructure and community that is impacted on by the process of regeneration can take time to evolve and ultimately impact upon the initiatives proposed, as well as the effects on the local community, the power of which should not be underestimated. The town also had extensive railway works at this time, a 78 acre site which employed 6,000 people to build locomotives and carriages. . A development plan was prepared, which sought to create a new quarter of the city which has a unique character derived from the way in which all parts of the development are related to water; and where people would be encouraged to work, live and play in a high quality environment [Salford City Council, 1985]. Seville (EXPO 92), Lisbon (ECOC 94 & EXPO 98) and Rotterdam (ECOC 01) are cases where large-scale regeneration programmes have been combined with these cultural events. The costs of the Games . The report also reiterated the importance of London's high streets, the impact of urban change and large-scale retail regeneration in emerging areas. I bid for the Olympics Traditionally, the port had relied on privately owned warehousing in the town to store cargo from the dock. The study of this process and the way in which it came about has also increased as the successes of Urban Regeneration throughout the United Kingdom and indeed internationally, continue to prove economically, socially and politically advantageous to any number of parties involved in the development of gentrification over the last 70 years. Alongside - or instead of - surveys with local people, students can get an idea of the range of opinions about the 2012 Olympics by looking at postings on the BBC Sport website around the time that the bid was secured. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. In the Spot-the-difference activity, students compare photos taken in February 2007 and February 2008 with the current status of the Park to see if they can spot how the development has progressed. This suggests that the Olympic Park regeneration has not helped access to affordable housing as well as social housing which many locals in Stratford had relied on which Vanderhoven (2012) highlighted that affordable housing was a key aspect of the legacy of the games and despite this many have not had access to these affordable houses. Make sure you do the Regeneration can transform urban areas and there are several different ways of approaching regeneration, as well as undergoing regeneration. On top of this, the different flows of people in and out of the area are likely to create different people acting as customers. This competition will often be part of the regeneration project and so will have been introduced to cope with the demands of the area. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Jun. Join us today, Society membership is open to anyone with a passion for geography, Royal Geographical Society This development includes a number of luxury apartment, hotels and a state of the art conference / exhibition centre. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The restructuring of the mining industry in 1997 meant that the number of employees had fallen to under six hundred. The aquatics centre now uses its 50m pools as facilities for the community and schools, as well as elite athletes. Many young people within the six boroughs felt betrayed by the promises made as the jobs were promised to locals and less than half of the 20 000 jobs went to them (Ali, 2013). The Olympics has helped schools in the area there was a shortage of spaces but a new school opened in the grounds of the park. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The Essay Writing ExpertsUK Essay Experts. I am delighted that there and environmental regeneration of a 64 km segment of the Thames estuary. This was done through transforming rail links, adding a mega-mall known as Westfield and building apartments for athletes which would then be sold onto the public. What does a lack of community cohesion create? The regeneration of Stratford had an overall positive impact, with new affordable houses, a better economy, and a sustainable environment. 15 Barcelona proved itself through the successful bid and hosting of the 1992 Olympic Games; other examples of this cultural regeneration model include the European Capital of Culture programmes (ECOC), the international Expositions (EXPO) along with the annual celebrations such as the Edinburgh festival. These associated cultural projects include The Designer Outlet shopping centre, the Imperial War Museum North (IWMN) and the latest development of the Mediacity:uk which will house the BBC; it also includes other leisure orientated facilities such as a multi screen cinema complex and a water sports centre. "We set out with a huge promise to the world: to deliver the most sustainable Olympic Games of modern times," says David Stubbs, London 2012's Head of Sustainability. Everything you need for your studies in one place. Stratford and Croyde will be examined further in the next articles. Conflicts in the community can be avoided through the implementation of measures, such as cheaper housing incentives, financial support, community cohesion incentives and conflict resolution techniques. If prices associated with the cost of living rise too much, many locals in a regenerated area may be forced to relocate elsewhere. Combat Sports 101: Everything You Need to Know, Cambridge University Press Football Club fans, Aqua Training HUB - Presentation- 2023- web Modified 7.pdf. The role culture can play in attempting to regenerate an area can be expressed through three different models of regeneration; cited in a report by the Department of Culture, Media and Sports, on the contribution of culture within regeneration in the United Kingdom. This would be a huge threat to the local business because it would eventually not have enough money to continue in that location. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Many locals in areas undergoing regeneration feel that the gentrifiers (people regenerating the place) are a threat to the place that they have a strong connection. This multi-faceted approach has continued to provide many obstacles for experts within the area but these are challenges that, if overcome, will ensure the longevity and economic well being of the project in question for a long time to come. Another risk to consider is the environmental risk from the number of resources used, . Although a culture-led scheme, the Lowry project was conceived as the final part of the regeneration of Salford Quays, a process that began in the mid 1980s, following the purchase of the Docks from the Manchester Ship Canal Company by Salford City Council in 1983. because it's the only way to get At the Completing this task at each site visited enables a useful visual comparison to be made.. Furthermore, they often feel resentment towards or frustration with the people who are causing them to suffer socially and economically. Smith, A. Monday 20th May Make a note in your planner. Why? because I wanted three weeks what do you expect the east I stand and watch myself die Most of the mothers were told to move to other areas such as Birmingham and Manchester (Stone, 2015) despite having no connections there or having a sense of community or place there. (2018) Olympic legacy? The rural-urban fringe (areas outside of the inner city, close to rural areas) have experienced regeneration too. The River Lea that runs through the Olympic Park was improved as has the quality of its water. 15, 2013. 180 million were invested into the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park with the expectation of attracting 1.5 million additional visitors to London and producing $3.5 billion worth of economic value to Stratford. impacts from the Olympic games both on the area and the people living there. Whether this is the price of a house, bills, or a haircut, rising expenses can contribute to economic inequality. Many towns and cities were seen to be re-investing in the rich cultural heritage of the past, and complementing this with contemporary art projects and exhibitions. It will also be possible to discuss and argue the extent to which culture-led regeneration has moved away from the initial aims of improving an areas social and economic problems to also encompass the physical and environmental aspects of improving an area. Some places can become economically wealthy because of the abundance of these factors, whilst other places are marginalised. (city or town) ALL of the Olympic venues have been sold. Resource prompt By the 1980s Liverpools central area was in decline, few people lived in the City Centre, office and Commercial employment was falling and shopping centres were losing trade. The initial catalyst for the regeneration of Castleford was the development of the Xscape leisure and shopping complex, this boasts the largest indoor ski slope in Europe, it is said to attract more visitors than anywhere else in Yorkshire, which has also led to the creation of many jobs, more than previously available when the pit was in existence. For instance: Protests/demonstrations (e.g. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.io. Furthermore, this highlights how the regeneration did not address urban needs and how there was a lack of focus from the LLDC in addressing the needs of lower-income households who simply cannot afford to pay the skyrocketing rents which have developed since the regeneration of Stratford. What was Stratford like? This award was seen as an important opportunity as a catalyst for urban regeneration through the form of culture; Glasgows legacy as the first city with ECOC status 16 years ago has sustained this development; similar effects to Barcelona which has been recognised as a success internationally. It was during this time that work within the creative industries was recognised as bringing a viable way of sustaining a business enterprise around the arts and crafts, later joined by digital media based work. - Culture Regeneration. Available at: http://newhamdata.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Demography-Bulletin-October-2015-IMD.pdf (Accessed: 16 November 2019). Fig. Up until 2011, which would have the peak employment chance for the Olympics, there were only a small number of direct employment opportunities (Brown and Szymanski, 2012) and this was especially true within the six host boroughs where most of the regeneration policies were targeted to improve employment and skills. The inner cities were left with polluted by-products from the factories whilst the movement of jobs and people to the country was actively encouraged with the aim of reducing over-crowding, in order to clean up the cities and plan orderly settlements for the future. I need evidence of your revision. , did it bring you joy? This means that, if left unchecked, conflict can appear in society. It found that as a result, some high streets and independent businesses are facing a range of challenges including closures - which threaten the strong social value they offer Londoners. Write Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? pictures? 5: I will explain issues faced by Stratford in the past and provide Games will aim to improve this area. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Located in the former Docks area of Manchester and Salford, recently labelled as Salford Quays, The Lowry Centre is widely recognised as being key in the regeneration of Salford, Manchester and adding to the improvement of the North West as a region. East London has had a number of developments over the years such as the London Docklands regeneration which was a form of property-led regeneration (Edwards, 2013) and recently the demolition of council estates, many of which are surrounding the regenerated Stratford area (Watt, 2009) to build the East Village. These new customers (who may have driven the regeneration of the area via gentrification) may prefer the products offered by the new businesses (competition) introduced to the place. Written before the London 2012 Olympics, this resource looks at the developments in East London in the lead up to the Games. Strikes, protests and demonstrations are examples of intergroup conflicts. Hill, D. (2015) Whats happened to affordable housing on Londons Olympic Park?, The Guardian [Online]. Anne Power at the London School of Economics said The affordable rents for the 2,800 new homes will be unaffordable to Newhams poorest households. The government wanted to leave a positive legacy behind after the Olympics were over and were committed to regenerating a community as well as bringing them together and leading to social and economic change (London 2012, 2004).