juvenile court in nigeria juvenile court in nigeria

show more content. Of all delinquency cases referred to juvenile court, approximately one quarter are dismissed or diverted for handling outside the court process. endobj Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. endstream Narrates how the state was forced to lay off workers after imposing the death penalty. penalty statutes were overturned and then reinstated in the United States xS* Educated prisoners are less likely to return to prison. (2007). While international documents have restricted and in some cases even Laws Applicable to Juvenile Sentencing in Nigeria. 3 0 obj In addition to these actions, which for adults constitute crime and delinquency for children, There are other behaviours that when exhibited by children and young people, are considered delinquent even though they do not qualify as crimes for adults. 8600 Rockville Pike Explains that the process is still in effect 50 years after it was implemented. In the Northern part of Nigeria, the court is known as Districts courts, while in the Southern part of Nigeria, it is known as Magistrate Court. Opines that death penalty is a hard sell to o.c. It has appellate jurisdiction over decisions of Customary Courts, Magistrate courts etc. And any defect in competence is fatal, because the proceedings of the court are a nullity however well conducted. Opines that if someone kills someone, he or she should pay for the crime with his or her. (Those under 14 are designated as children, and those over 14 and under 17 are classified as young persons.) Offenders aged 17 and over appear in the normal adult courts, though special sentencing provisions apply to offenders under the age of 21. endstream Explains that life without parole is the most popular alternative, which is morally and financially cheaper than execution, although the numbers can be fudged somewhat to attain a favorable appearance. Opines that minorities are treated fairly in the justice system. Child Rights Act The It is headed by a Grand Kadi and contains a number of Kadis. An official website of the United States government. Congo, the United States and Iran are the most prolific executioners Growing public concern about the rise in violent juvenile crime is borne out by increases in the juvenile court's caseload, which rose 23% between 1989 and 1993. , In Nigeria, the exercise of sentencing discretion is unrestricted and thus, gives the Courts (i.e., Judges or Magistrates) a very wide field of action and takes into account different preferences and methods of solving the same issue. In short, jurisdiction can be simply defined as the courts authority to determine the case submitted in a manner prescribed by law. In 1991 the Criminal Justice Act allowed the newly named Youth Court to handle cases involving 17-year-olds, and in 1994 the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act assigned stiffer punishments to juvenile offenders. Epub 2020 Dec 5. Its stated purpose is "to make provision for the welfare of the young and the treatment of young offenders and for the establishment of juvenile courts. (Okagbue, 2000). 17 0 obj Argues that the presidential candidate should take a cautious anti-death penalty stance based on empirical and moral claims. Psychiatr Serv. Opines that the bop's programs for juveniles are not geared toward rehabilitating children. Explains that education : a discussion of race and gender. In essence, the Children and Young Persons Act Clause 11 (1) specifically forbade the detention of children. In regard to the difference to the United States, there are many runaway cases that do not appear in Juvenile Court. In addition to age, youth and adult courts are distinguished by the types of cases they handle, with youth courts hearing a much wider variety of offenses. Describes collins, r., and boden, l. guidelines for prison libraries. haag believes that justice is independent of distributional inequalities. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Explains that understanding why criminals commit crime is important in understanding the death penaltys causes and ramifications. <>stream Explains that capital trials are much larger, more tedious, and much more expensive at every step than other murder trials. 22 0 obj Vogel, B. Regarding the specific laws in Nigeria that govern the punishment of juvenile offenders, Sections 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the Children and Young Persons Act deal with the punishment of children and young people who break the law. Juvenile Delinquency Among Adolescents in The Government Remand Homes, Lagos State Nigeria. Padgaonkar NT, Baker AE, Dapretto M, Galvn A, Frick PJ, Steinberg L, Cauffman E. J Res Adolesc. Opines that maher's way out of this life is an education. Explains that the belief in murder is based on the assumption that it is only fair that if murder occurs. 18 0 obj The death penalty statutes were overturned and then reinstated in the United States during the 1970's due to questions concerning its fairness (Flanders 50). <>stream WebThis paper presents a descriptive analysis of southern Nigeria's juvenile justice system in order to show through comparisons, what people of southern Nigeria consider to be 25 0 obj A Juvenile is a term that can be used to refer to a child, minor, or young adult. endobj A common feature of these reforms is the strengthening of diversion programmes. PMC The judgment of the Code of Conduct Court can be appealed to the Court of Appeal. R WebExplains that juveniles can be tried in one of three ways: concurrent jurisdiction, excluded offenses, judicial waiver, and mandatory waivers to adult court. Explains that death penalty supporters claim that even if it were not a deterrent to crime, it should still be the penalty for first degree murder. It is a court of coordinate jurisdiction with the Federal High Court and the National Industrial Court. The chairman and other members of the court are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council. These include: Children who engage in hawking wares, load carrying, car washing, shoe shining, petty trading, refuse Explains that the death penalty is used to silence political opponents and eliminate politically "troublesome" individuals. 0000006954 00000 n It functions as a court of summary judgement. Forty-three of those, death penalty continues to be 9 0 obj MeSH Juvenile offenders with four or more arrests are responsible for nearly two-thirds of all violent crimes and half of all property crimes referred to court. Opines that psychopaths are incapable of rational behaviour, such as in the hungerford and dunblane massacres. It is the only court not prescribed for under the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Describes the contents of the american civil liberties union freedom network, capital punishment, and the death penalty. Explains that there was a riot in bogota, columbia, in april 1997. Presents a paper presented at the national convention of the community college social science association, missouri. Key terms: Juvenile Sentencing, Child Rights Act, Children and Young PersonsAct. It is a well-known fact in law that jurisdiction is the ladder for establishing court authority. R b) Children and Young Persons Act. Explains that in respect of muslim prisoners, any person who has been issued with "tauliah" under any law relating to the administration of islamic laws. women make up only 1% of the death row population, despite 20% of homicides. 4 0 obj endstream 24 0 obj The Court reviews cases involving Sharia law, especially in the northern regions of the country. Juvenile correctional institutions in Nigeria include the juvenile courts, borstal centres, approved schools and remand home. There is only one Supreme Court in Nigeria which is located in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria COURT OF APPEAL It is provided for under Section 230 Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. xS* endstream official website and that any information you provide is encrypted A meta-analysis of the literature on minority youths in the juvenile court found that racial and ethnic status influenced the decisions made about individual youths at every stage of the juvenile court process. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 0000002955 00000 n Reasons for care proceedings can include neglect or assault by parents, but they always stem from the fact that the juvenile has committed an offense. R Learn how your comment data is processed. 10 0 obj International Labor Day: Reflection of 8 years of Suffering in Nigeria -By Auwal Ahmed Ibrahim, Road To Sudan: Is Nigeria On The Brink? 2008 Sep;59(9):965-73. doi: 10.1176/ps.2008.59.9.965. youth advocates, judges, and police have been critical of the movement to federalize crimes already handled by states. Nearly all offenses committed by children are tried in youth courts, though the courts are not bound to deal with extremely serious offenses such as robbery or rape. WebThis paper analyses the development of child justice during three main periods in Nigeria. In the cases that it is not reported to the police, it usually directed at family members and neighbors. endstream Analyzes how libraries without librarians are just a room full of books. Consent for the Execution of money judgements against the government, 9 things every Nigerian should know about the Labour Act. Opines that capital punishment and mental retardation are international human rights law. The concept of delinquency, as well as special trials and institutions for confining and controlling youth, was established in the mid-19th century in Great Britain, where courts acquired the authority to intervene as parens patriae (Latin: parent of the land) to protect the property rights of children. endstream Before <>stream Opines that some in favor of the death penalty feel that even if they were caught, they would be punished. Explains that prisoners may receive reading materials from outside the prison under such conditions as the officer-in-charge may determine. The law did not define the term juvenile however, other indicators in the law show that the term refers to a person under the age of seventeen (17) years. x+ | 12 0 obj 27 0 obj It is headed by the Chief Judge and comprises any number of judges as allowed by an act of the National Assembly. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Explains the race of death row inmates executed since 1976. death penalty information center, 4 february 2004. % States that the death penalty information center fact sheet is a fact sheet about the death penalty. Explains that the united states bureau of prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. Explains that people are misinformed about the death penalty. endobj Explains that the nigeria juvenile justice system is the country that they chose to focus on while presenting their term paper. the idea of confining persons after a trial as punishment for their crimes is relatively new. <>stream The decision of the court is final and cannot be appealed. Explains that there are conflicting views in terms of religion and the death penalty. However, the various courts established in Nigeria can only exercise their responsibility to adjudicate in accordance with the jurisdiction granted to it by the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. endstream endobj Indeed, the US is one of six countries (including also The author concludes that early intervention into the lives of these youths is necessary to address the increase in juvenile crime. Opines that even with death penalty, most killers walk. Explains that the increasing number of teenagers involved in crime in malaysia in recent years is worrying. endobj felons. Describes einat, t, and a. The Debate of Reinstating Capital Punishment in Britain, The Costs of the Death Penalty in the United States, Capital Punishment Essay - The Death Penalty in the United States Argumentative Persuasive Essays, The Development and Provison of Prison Library for Juvenile. endobj Explains that the enactment of the child's rights act in nigeria was a major leap for the juvenile justice system. The English youth courts exercise jurisdiction over offenders aged 10 (the minimum age of criminal responsibility) to 16. 630-912-5051. The Federal High Court has a division in each of the thirty-six states in Nigeria. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The Colonial Children and Young Persons Act (CYPA), which was initially designed to apply only to the colony of Lagos, is the primary piece of legislation in Nigeria that governs the juvenile justice system. both sides seem to be able to crunch the numbers and make strong, if somewhat wrong, arguments. Analyzes sharp, dudley, "mental retardation and the death penalty". 0000006093 00000 n Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. and transmitted securely. Its appeal jurisdiction does not extend to the appeal of the district court. The Court of Appeal ranks second among Nigerian courts, and second only to the Supreme Court. The Juvenile Justice System in Nigeria was guided by the British so it is difficult to ignore or understand without knowing the colonials past. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The care order is only one of many sanctions available to the English youth court and is used only in a minority of the cases that come before it. The Nigeria Juvenile Justice System is the country that I chose to focus on while presenting my term paper. justice for all, 18 october 2001. Opines that america still leads industrialized world in handgun homicide, despite gains made since brady law. The Court also accept appeals from industrial arbitration panels and all other employment matters in Nigeria. endobj Describes the 40,500 people living in a city where guards can choose between accepting bribes or dying. 0000003601 00000 n Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. endobj Today, there are generally five methods of execution used in the US. stream <>stream 2021 Jun;31(2):317-334. doi: 10.1111/jora.12599. endstream Thus, a child below the age of 7 is not criminally responsible for any act or omission. Explains that the high price of execution is most deeply felt in the counties responsible for both prosecution and defense of capital defendants. herded together indiscriminately, with no separation of men and women, the It is composed of the President of the National Industrial Court and is divided into multiple judicial departments for administrative convenience. Opines that prisoner books of religious observance and instruction or any other religious articles recognised for his denomination shall be available for personal use. show more content, Juvenile justice administration in Nigeria suffers from several inadequacies: legal, policy, planning, implementation, education and research (Alemika & Chukwuma, 2001). Cites hamilton, tom, president of nami texas. x+ | Explains the bureau of justice statistics' "key facts at a glance: prisoners on death row by race.". Suggests reinstatement of mandatory death sentences for specific crimes, which was deemed unconstitutional by the supreme court in 1976. The definition of juvenile delinquency encompasses criminal offenses committed by persons between the ages of 7 and 17; status offenses are excluded. Epub 2013 Jun 12. <> Opines that prosecutors drop death penalty as victims mother seeks closure. LockA locked padlock endstream Explains that juvenile justice is a system of laws that are regulated and process for non-adult offenders of violation of the law. endobj Cites the u.s. census bureau's the black population in the united states: march 2002. Author of, Professor of Sociology, Vanderbilt University. Explains that the public defenders receive $0.50 an hour pay for 2000 hours. A court is competent when: a The court is properly constituted as regards members and qualifications of the bench and no members and qualifications of the bench and no member is disqualified for one reason or the other. Disclaimer. R Official websites use .gov R endstream This article follows those youths who are arrested on the pathway through the juvenile justice system. Omissions? national bureau of economic research. Careers. The United States Bureau of Prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. Equally precarious is the countrys unsustainable debt profile. Describes the crimes reported by the police: homicide. Argues that the erratic nature of juries is not important in the death penalty issue. Many death penalty proponents feel that the death penalty reduces crime because it deters, imprisoning debtors, delinquent juveniles, minor misdemeanant, and Opines that we must consider whether we and our loved ones are more at risk of being murdered or being executed for committing murder. Argues that scientific studies have consistently failed to find convincing evidence that executions deter crime more effectively than alternative sentences. endstream 4 0 obj Many death penalty proponents feel 0000002375 00000 n Making prison libraries visible, The Nigeria Juvenile Justice System In Nigeria. Explains that pakistan abolished the death penalty for juvenile offenders and the drc established a moratorium on executions. Opines that bannister had b een for hire or even that he had committed murder in the first. The Supreme Court is composed of the Chief Justice of Nigeria. An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice. The death penalty began to be reinstated slowly, but the rate of executions <>stream In America the concept of imprisonment came because of deep religious beliefs. endobj Explains that death penalty opponents feel that it leads to an increase in crime because it desensitizes people to violence and sends the message that violence is an acceptable means of resolving conflicts. The key issues involve whether the U.S. should sustain the current death penalty system, abolish it in favor of life in prison without parole plus restitution, or only reform the system to make it less costly and free of class, racial, and mental illness discrepancies.